Cyber Resilience Requirements for AI-Enabled Public Infrastructure

Abstract

Background: Differences in how institutions address AI infrastructure raise important questions about accountability, administrative consistency, and effective implementation.

Objective: The research compared approaches to AI infrastructure and explored which governance features were most closely associated with outcomes involving cyber resilience.

Methods: Survey data were collected from 411 relevant officials, professionals, service users, or regulated actors using measures of implementation quality, capacity, procedural clarity, transparency, and perceived effectiveness. Descriptive and adjusted regression analyses identified correlates of stronger implementation.

Results: In the AI infrastructure analysis, 405 cases were complete: 36% reflected consistent practice and 13% involved important procedural or capacity obstacles. Multivariable modelling showed independent positive associations for role clarity, staff capability, and access to formal guidance after accounting for organization size and jurisdiction.

Conclusion: These findings place institutional capacity at the centre of effective governance relating to AI infrastructure. Accordingly, responsible AI adoption requires governance arrangements that can be implemented consistently across agencies, not merely high-level principles.

Study design: critical-infrastructure compliance survey.

Publication history: Originally published in print on 15 June 2026, Volume 6, Article 8. Online abstract record added on 16 September 2026. Full-text PDF will be added when the digital galley is ready.